.flatpickr-calendar {
    background: transparent;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-height: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0;
    -webkit-animation: none;
    animation: none;
    direction: ltr;
    border: 0;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 24px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    position: absolute;
    width: 307.875px;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    -ms-touch-action: manipulation;
    touch-action: manipulation;
    background: #fff;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #e6e6e6, -1px 0 0 #e6e6e6, 0 1px 0 #e6e6e6, 0 -1px 0 #e6e6e6, 0 3px 13px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #e6e6e6, -1px 0 0 #e6e6e6, 0 1px 0 #e6e6e6, 0 -1px 0 #e6e6e6, 0 3px 13px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.open,
.flatpickr-calendar.inline {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    overflow: visible;
    max-height: 640px;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.open {
    display: inline-block;
    z-index: 99999;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.animate.open {
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeInDown 300ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeInDown 300ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.inline {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    top: 2px;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.static {
    position: absolute;
    top: calc(100% + 2px);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.static.open {
    z-index: 999;
    display: block;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.hasWeeks {
    width: auto;
}
.flatpickr-calendar .hasWeeks .dayContainer,
.flatpickr-calendar .hasTime .dayContainer {
    border-bottom: 0;
    border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
    border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.flatpickr-calendar .hasWeeks .dayContainer {
    border-left: 0;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.showTimeInput.hasTime .flatpickr-time {
    height: 40px;
    border-top: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.noCalendar.hasTime .flatpickr-time {
    height: auto;
}
.flatpickr-calendar:before,
.flatpickr-calendar:after {
    position: absolute;
    display: block;
    pointer-events: none;
    border: solid transparent;
    content: '';
    height: 0;
    width: 0;
    left: 22px;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.rightMost:before,
.flatpickr-calendar.rightMost:after {
    left: auto;
    right: 22px;
}
.flatpickr-calendar:before {
    border-width: 5px;
    margin: 0 -5px;
}
.flatpickr-calendar:after {
    border-width: 4px;
    margin: 0 -4px;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowTop:before,
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowTop:after {
    bottom: 100%;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowTop:before {
    border-bottom-color: #e6e6e6;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowTop:after {
    border-bottom-color: #fff;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowBottom:before,
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowBottom:after {
    top: 100%;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowBottom:before {
    border-top-color: #e6e6e6;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.arrowBottom:after {
    border-top-color: #fff;
}
.flatpickr-calendar:focus {
    outline: 0;
}
.flatpickr-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}
.flatpickr-month {
    background: transparent;
    color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9);
    fill: rgba(0,0,0,0.9);
    height: 28px;
    line-height: 1;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    -webkit-user-select: none;
    -moz-user-select: none;
    -ms-user-select: none;
    user-select: none;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.flatpickr-prev-month,
.flatpickr-next-month {
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0px;
    line-height: 16px;
    height: 28px;
    padding: 10px calc(3.57% - 1.5px);
    z-index: 3;
}
.flatpickr-prev-month i,
.flatpickr-next-month i {
    position: relative;
}
.flatpickr-prev-month.flatpickr-prev-month,
.flatpickr-next-month.flatpickr-prev-month {
    /*
            /*rtl:begin:ignore*/
    /*
            */
    left: 0;
    /*
            /*rtl:end:ignore*/
    /*
            */
}
/*
        /*rtl:begin:ignore*/
/*
        /*rtl:end:ignore*/
.flatpickr-prev-month.flatpickr-next-month,
.flatpickr-next-month.flatpickr-next-month {
    /*
            /*rtl:begin:ignore*/
    /*
            */
    right: 0;
    /*
            /*rtl:end:ignore*/
    /*
            */
}
/*
        /*rtl:begin:ignore*/
/*
        /*rtl:end:ignore*/
.flatpickr-prev-month:hover,
.flatpickr-next-month:hover {
    color: #959ea9;
}
.flatpickr-prev-month:hover svg,
.flatpickr-next-month:hover svg {
    fill: #f64747;
}
.flatpickr-prev-month svg,
.flatpickr-next-month svg {
    width: 14px;
}
.flatpickr-prev-month svg path,
.flatpickr-next-month svg path {
    -webkit-transition: fill 0.1s;
    transition: fill 0.1s;
    fill: inherit;
}
.numInputWrapper {
    position: relative;
    height: auto;
}
.numInputWrapper input,
.numInputWrapper span {
    display: inline-block;
}
.numInputWrapper input {
    width: 100%;
}
.numInputWrapper span {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    width: 14px;
    padding: 0 4px 0 2px;
    height: 50%;
    line-height: 50%;
    opacity: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
    border: 1px solid rgba(57,57,57,0.05);
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
.numInputWrapper span:hover {
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.numInputWrapper span:active {
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.numInputWrapper span:after {
    display: block;
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 33%;
}
.numInputWrapper span.arrowUp {
    top: 0;
    border-bottom: 0;
}
.numInputWrapper span.arrowUp:after {
    border-left: 4px solid transparent;
    border-right: 4px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 4px solid rgba(57,57,57,0.6);
}
.numInputWrapper span.arrowDown {
    top: 50%;
}
.numInputWrapper span.arrowDown:after {
    border-left: 4px solid transparent;
    border-right: 4px solid transparent;
    border-top: 4px solid rgba(57,57,57,0.6);
}
.numInputWrapper span svg {
    width: inherit;
    height: auto;
}
.numInputWrapper span svg path {
    fill: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}
.numInputWrapper:hover {
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.numInputWrapper:hover span {
    opacity: 1;
}
.flatpickr-current-month {
    font-size: 135%;
    line-height: inherit;
    font-weight: 300;
    color: inherit;
    position: absolute;
    width: 75%;
    left: 12.5%;
    padding: 6.16px 0 0 0;
    line-height: 1;
    height: 28px;
    display: inline-block;
    text-align: center;
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
}
.flatpickr-current-month.slideLeft {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeOut 400ms ease, fpSlideLeft 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeOut 400ms ease, fpSlideLeft 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-current-month.slideLeftNew {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeIn 400ms ease, fpSlideLeftNew 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeIn 400ms ease, fpSlideLeftNew 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-current-month.slideRight {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeOut 400ms ease, fpSlideRight 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeOut 400ms ease, fpSlideRight 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-current-month.slideRightNew {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeIn 400ms ease, fpSlideRightNew 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeIn 400ms ease, fpSlideRightNew 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-current-month span.cur-month {
    font-family: inherit;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: inherit;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-left: 0.5ch;
    padding: 0;
}
.flatpickr-current-month span.cur-month:hover {
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.flatpickr-current-month .numInputWrapper {
    width: 6ch;
    width: 7ch\0;
    display: inline-block;
}
.flatpickr-current-month .numInputWrapper span.arrowUp:after {
    border-bottom-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9);
}
.flatpickr-current-month .numInputWrapper span.arrowDown:after {
    border-top-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9);
}
.flatpickr-current-month input.cur-year {
    background: transparent;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    color: inherit;
    cursor: default;
    padding: 0 0 0 0.5ch;
    margin: 0;
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: inherit;
    font-family: inherit;
    font-weight: 300;
    line-height: inherit;
    height: initial;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    vertical-align: initial;
}
.flatpickr-current-month input.cur-year:focus {
    outline: 0;
}
.flatpickr-current-month input.cur-year[disabled],
.flatpickr-current-month input.cur-year[disabled]:hover {
    font-size: 100%;
    color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
    background: transparent;
    pointer-events: none;
}
.flatpickr-weekdays {
    background: transparent;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    width: 100%;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
    -webkit-box-align: center;
    -webkit-align-items: center;
    -ms-flex-align: center;
    align-items: center;
    height: 28px;
}
span.flatpickr-weekday {
    cursor: default;
    font-size: 90%;
    background: transparent;
    color: rgba(0,0,0,0.54);
    line-height: 1;
    margin: 0;
    text-align: center;
    display: block;
    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
    -webkit-flex: 1;
    -ms-flex: 1;
    flex: 1;
    font-weight: bolder;
}
.dayContainer,
.flatpickr-weeks {
    padding: 1px 0 0 0;
}
.flatpickr-days {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
    width: 307.875px;
}
.flatpickr-days:focus {
    outline: 0;
}
.dayContainer {
    padding: 0;
    outline: 0;
    text-align: left;
    width: 307.875px;
    min-width: 307.875px;
    max-width: 307.875px;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    display: inline-block;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: flex;
    -webkit-flex-wrap: wrap;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
    -ms-flex-pack: justify;
    -webkit-justify-content: space-around;
    justify-content: space-around;
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    opacity: 1;
}
.flatpickr-calendar.animate .dayContainer.slideLeft {
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeOut 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideLeft 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeOut 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideLeft 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.animate .dayContainer.slideLeft,
.flatpickr-calendar.animate .dayContainer.slideLeftNew {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.animate .dayContainer.slideLeftNew {
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeIn 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideLeft 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeIn 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideLeft 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.animate .dayContainer.slideRight {
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeOut 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideRight 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeOut 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideRight 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
}
.flatpickr-calendar.animate .dayContainer.slideRightNew {
    -webkit-animation: fpFadeIn 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideRightNew 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
    animation: fpFadeIn 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1), fpSlideRightNew 400ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
.flatpickr-day {
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    border-radius: 150px;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    color: #393939;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 400;
    width: 14.2857143%;
    -webkit-flex-basis: 14.2857143%;
    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 14.2857143%;
    flex-basis: 14.2857143%;
    max-width: 39px;
    height: 39px;
    line-height: 39px;
    margin: 0;
    display: inline-block;
    position: relative;
    -webkit-box-pack: center;
    -webkit-justify-content: center;
    -ms-flex-pack: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
}
.flatpickr-day.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.prevMonthDay.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.nextMonthDay.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.today.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.prevMonthDay.today.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.nextMonthDay.today.inRange,
.flatpickr-day:hover,
.flatpickr-day.prevMonthDay:hover,
.flatpickr-day.nextMonthDay:hover,
.flatpickr-day:focus,
.flatpickr-day.prevMonthDay:focus,
.flatpickr-day.nextMonthDay:focus {
    cursor: pointer;
    outline: 0;
    background: #e6e6e6;
    border-color: #e6e6e6;
}
.flatpickr-day.today {
    border-color: #959ea9;
}
.flatpickr-day.today:hover,
.flatpickr-day.today:focus {
    border-color: #959ea9;
    background: #959ea9;
    color: #fff;
}
.flatpickr-day.selected,
.flatpickr-day.startRange,
.flatpickr-day.endRange,
.flatpickr-day.selected.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.inRange,
.flatpickr-day.selected:focus,
.flatpickr-day.startRange:focus,
.flatpickr-day.endRange:focus,
.flatpickr-day.selected:hover,
.flatpickr-day.startRange:hover,
.flatpickr-day.endRange:hover,
.flatpickr-day.selected.prevMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.prevMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.prevMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.selected.nextMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.nextMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.nextMonthDay {
    background: #569ff7;
    -webkit-box-shadow: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    color: #fff;
    border-color: #569ff7;
}
.flatpickr-day.selected.startRange,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.startRange,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.startRange {
    border-radius: 50px 0 0 50px;
}
.flatpickr-day.selected.endRange,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.endRange,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.endRange {
    border-radius: 0 50px 50px 0;
}
.flatpickr-day.selected.startRange + .endRange,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.startRange + .endRange,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.startRange + .endRange {
    -webkit-box-shadow: -10px 0 0 #569ff7;
    box-shadow: -10px 0 0 #569ff7;
}
.flatpickr-day.selected.startRange.endRange,
.flatpickr-day.startRange.startRange.endRange,
.flatpickr-day.endRange.startRange.endRange {
    border-radius: 50px;
}
.flatpickr-day.inRange {
    border-radius: 0;
    -webkit-box-shadow: -5px 0 0 #e6e6e6, 5px 0 0 #e6e6e6;
    box-shadow: -5px 0 0 #e6e6e6, 5px 0 0 #e6e6e6;
}
.flatpickr-day.disabled,
.flatpickr-day.disabled:hover {
    pointer-events: none;
}
.flatpickr-day.disabled,
.flatpickr-day.disabled:hover,
.flatpickr-day.prevMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.nextMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.notAllowed,
.flatpickr-day.notAllowed.prevMonthDay,
.flatpickr-day.notAllowed.nextMonthDay {
    color: rgba(57,57,57,0.3);
    background: transparent;
    border-color: transparent;
    cursor: default;
}
.flatpickr-day.week.selected {
    border-radius: 0;
    -webkit-box-shadow: -5px 0 0 #569ff7, 5px 0 0 #569ff7;
    box-shadow: -5px 0 0 #569ff7, 5px 0 0 #569ff7;
}
.rangeMode .flatpickr-day {
    margin-top: 1px;
}
.flatpickr-weekwrapper {
    display: inline-block;
    float: left;
}
.flatpickr-weekwrapper .flatpickr-weeks {
    padding: 0 12px;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #e6e6e6;
    box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #e6e6e6;
}
.flatpickr-weekwrapper .flatpickr-weekday {
    float: none;
    width: 100%;
    line-height: 28px;
}
.flatpickr-weekwrapper span.flatpickr-day {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: none;
}
.flatpickr-innerContainer {
    display: block;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.flatpickr-rContainer {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
.flatpickr-time {
    text-align: center;
    outline: 0;
    display: block;
    height: 0;
    line-height: 40px;
    max-height: 40px;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
}
.flatpickr-time:after {
    content: "";
    display: table;
    clear: both;
}
.flatpickr-time .numInputWrapper {
    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
    -webkit-flex: 1;
    -ms-flex: 1;
    flex: 1;
    width: 40%;
    height: 40px;
    float: left;
}
.flatpickr-time .numInputWrapper span.arrowUp:after {
    border-bottom-color: #393939;
}
.flatpickr-time .numInputWrapper span.arrowDown:after {
    border-top-color: #393939;
}
.flatpickr-time.hasSeconds .numInputWrapper {
    width: 26%;
}
.flatpickr-time.time24hr .numInputWrapper {
    width: 49%;
}
.flatpickr-time input {
    background: transparent;
    -webkit-box-shadow: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    height: inherit;
    line-height: inherit;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #393939;
    font-size: 14px;
    position: relative;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
.flatpickr-time input.flatpickr-hour {
    font-weight: bold;
}
.flatpickr-time input.flatpickr-minute,
.flatpickr-time input.flatpickr-second {
    font-weight: 400;
}
.flatpickr-time input:focus {
    outline: 0;
    border: 0;
}
.flatpickr-time .flatpickr-time-separator,
.flatpickr-time .flatpickr-am-pm {
    height: inherit;
    display: inline-block;
    float: left;
    line-height: inherit;
    color: #393939;
    font-weight: bold;
    width: 2%;
    -webkit-user-select: none;
    -moz-user-select: none;
    -ms-user-select: none;
    user-select: none;
    -webkit-align-self: center;
    -ms-flex-item-align: center;
    align-self: center;
}
.flatpickr-time .flatpickr-am-pm {
    outline: 0;
    width: 18%;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: 400;
}
.flatpickr-time .flatpickr-am-pm:hover,
.flatpickr-time .flatpickr-am-pm:focus {
    background: #f0f0f0;
}
.flatpickr-input[readonly] {
    cursor: pointer;
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpFadeInDown {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -20px, 0);
        transform: translate3d(0, -20px, 0);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
    }
}
@keyframes fpFadeInDown {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -20px, 0);
        transform: translate3d(0, -20px, 0);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpSlideLeft {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
    }
}
@keyframes fpSlideLeft {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(-100%, 0px, 0px);
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpSlideLeftNew {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    }
}
@keyframes fpSlideLeftNew {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpSlideRight {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    }
}
@keyframes fpSlideRight {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(100%, 0px, 0px);
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpSlideRightNew {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
    }
}
@keyframes fpSlideRightNew {
    from {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0px);
    }
    to {
        -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0px);
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpFadeOut {
    from {
        opacity: 1;
    }
    to {
        opacity: 0;
    }
}
@keyframes fpFadeOut {
    from {
        opacity: 1;
    }
    to {
        opacity: 0;
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fpFadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}
@keyframes fpFadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-GB">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="description" content="London Institute of Peace Research | LIPR">
  <meta name="keywords" content="London, Institute, Peace, Research, LIPR, peace and freedom, peace and research, london institute of peace research, global peace">
    	
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"/>
                    <link rel="pingback" href="https://lipr.org.uk/xmlrpc.php">
                            <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
        
	<meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />

	<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.1 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ -->
	<title>Renowned Sikh businessman charged with bribing Caribbean minister - London Institute of Peace Research</title>
	<link rel="canonical" href="https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/" />
	<meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" />
	<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
	<meta property="og:title" content="Renowned Sikh businessman charged with bribing Caribbean minister - London Institute of Peace Research" />
	<meta property="og:description" content="LONDON: Prominent British-Sikh businessman Peter Virdee, wanted in connection with a multimillion-pound bribery investigation by the United Kingdom’s National Crime Agency (NCA), has been charged with bribing a foreign public official. Virdee, 50, also known as Hardip Singh, appeared at the Westminster Magistrates Court, where he was charged alongside the company of which he is [&hellip;]" />
	<meta property="og:url" content="https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/" />
	<meta property="og:site_name" content="London Institute of Peace Research" />
	<meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/LondonInstituteofPeaceResearch" />
	<meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-05-24T11:31:25+00:00" />
	<meta property="og:image" content="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Capture-87.jpg" />
	<meta property="og:image:width" content="647" />
	<meta property="og:image:height" content="331" />
	<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" />
	<meta name="author" content="Cyril Thomas" />
	<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
	<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Capture-192.jpg" />
	<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@editor" />
	<meta name="twitter:site" content="@LondonInstitut4" />
	<meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" />
	<meta name="twitter:data1" content="Special Correspondent" />
	<meta name="twitter:label2" content="Estimated reading time" />
	<meta name="twitter:data2" content="2 minutes" />
	<!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. -->


<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//pagead2.googlesyndication.com' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="London Institute of Peace Research &raquo; Feed" href="https://lipr.org.uk/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="London Institute of Peace Research &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://lipr.org.uk/comments/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="London Institute of Peace Research &raquo; Renowned Sikh businessman charged with bribing Caribbean minister Comments Feed" href="https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/feed/" />
		<!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by MonsterInsights plugin v8.12.1 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.monsterinsights.com/ -->
							<script
				src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-R4WVMJ45V4"  data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script>
			<script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript">
				var mi_version = '8.12.1';
				var mi_track_user = true;
				var mi_no_track_reason = '';
				
								var disableStrs = [
										'ga-disable-G-R4WVMJ45V4',
														];

				/* Function to detect opted out users */
				function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() {
					for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) {
						if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) {
							return true;
						}
					}

					return false;
				}

				/* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */
				if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) {
					for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) {
						window[disableStrs[index]] = true;
					}
				}

				/* Opt-out function */
				function __gtagTrackerOptout() {
					for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) {
						document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/';
						window[disableStrs[index]] = true;
					}
				}

				if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) {
					function gaOptout() {
						__gtagTrackerOptout();
					}
				}
								window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];

				window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = {
					helpers: {},
					trackers: {},
				};
				if (mi_track_user) {
					function __gtagDataLayer() {
						dataLayer.push(arguments);
					}

					function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) {
						if (!parameters) {
							parameters = {};
						}

						if (parameters.send_to) {
							__gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments);
							return;
						}

						if (type === 'event') {
														parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id;
							var hookName = name;
							if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') {
								hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name;
							}

							if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') {
								MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters);
							} else {
								__gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters);
							}
							
													} else {
							__gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments);
						}
					}

					__gtagTracker('js', new Date());
					__gtagTracker('set', {
						'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true,
											});
										__gtagTracker('config', 'G-R4WVMJ45V4', {"forceSSL":"true","link_attribution":"true"} );
															window.gtag = __gtagTracker;										(function () {
						/* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */
						/* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */
						var noopfn = function () {
							return null;
						};
						var newtracker = function () {
							return new Tracker();
						};
						var Tracker = function () {
							return null;
						};
						var p = Tracker.prototype;
						p.get = noopfn;
						p.set = noopfn;
						p.send = function () {
							var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
							args.unshift('send');
							__gaTracker.apply(null, args);
						};
						var __gaTracker = function () {
							var len = arguments.length;
							if (len === 0) {
								return;
							}
							var f = arguments[len - 1];
							if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') {
								if ('send' === arguments[0]) {
									var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action;
									if ('event' === arguments[1]) {
										if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) {
											hitObject = {
												'eventAction': arguments[3],
												'eventCategory': arguments[2],
												'eventLabel': arguments[4],
												'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1,
											}
										}
									}
									if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) {
										if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) {
											hitObject = {
												'eventAction': 'page_view',
												'page_path': arguments[2],
											}
										}
									}
									if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') {
										hitObject = arguments[2];
									}
									if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') {
										Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]);
									}
									if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) {
										hitObject = arguments[1];
										if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) {
											hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view';
										}
									}
									if (hitObject) {
										action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction;
										hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject);
										__gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted);
									}
								}
								return;
							}

							function mapArgs(args) {
								var arg, hit = {};
								var gaMap = {
									'eventCategory': 'event_category',
									'eventAction': 'event_action',
									'eventLabel': 'event_label',
									'eventValue': 'event_value',
									'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction',
									'timingCategory': 'event_category',
									'timingVar': 'name',
									'timingValue': 'value',
									'timingLabel': 'event_label',
									'page': 'page_path',
									'location': 'page_location',
									'title': 'page_title',
								};
								for (arg in args) {
																		if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) {
										hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg];
									} else {
										hit[arg] = args[arg];
									}
								}
								return hit;
							}

							try {
								f.hitCallback();
							} catch (ex) {
							}
						};
						__gaTracker.create = newtracker;
						__gaTracker.getByName = newtracker;
						__gaTracker.getAll = function () {
							return [];
						};
						__gaTracker.remove = noopfn;
						__gaTracker.loaded = true;
						window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker;
					})();
									} else {
										console.log("");
					(function () {
						function __gtagTracker() {
							return null;
						}

						window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker;
						window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker;
					})();
									}
			</script>
				<!-- / Google Analytics by MonsterInsights -->
		<script type="text/javascript">
window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.1.4"}};
/*! This file is auto-generated */
!function(e,a,t){var n,r,o,i=a.createElement("canvas"),p=i.getContext&&i.getContext("2d");function s(e,t){var a=String.fromCharCode,e=(p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,e),0,0),i.toDataURL());return p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,t),0,0),e===i.toDataURL()}function c(e){var t=a.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=t.type="text/javascript",a.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(t)}for(o=Array("flag","emoji"),t.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},r=0;r<o.length;r++)t.supports[o[r]]=function(e){if(p&&p.fillText)switch(p.textBaseline="top",p.font="600 32px Arial",e){case"flag":return s([127987,65039,8205,9895,65039],[127987,65039,8203,9895,65039])?!1:!s([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819])&&!s([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]);case"emoji":return!s([129777,127995,8205,129778,127999],[129777,127995,8203,129778,127999])}return!1}(o[r]),t.supports.everything=t.supports.everything&&t.supports[o[r]],"flag"!==o[r]&&(t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&t.supports[o[r]]);t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!t.supports.flag,t.DOMReady=!1,t.readyCallback=function(){t.DOMReady=!0},t.supports.everything||(n=function(){t.readyCallback()},a.addEventListener?(a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(e=t.source||{}).concatemoji?c(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(c(e.twemoji),c(e.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings);
</script>
<style type="text/css">
img.wp-smiley,
img.emoji {
	display: inline !important;
	border: none !important;
	box-shadow: none !important;
	height: 1em !important;
	width: 1em !important;
	margin: 0 0.07em !important;
	vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
	background: none !important;
	padding: 0 !important;
}
</style>
	<link rel='stylesheet' id='sgr-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/simple-google-recaptcha/sgr.css?ver=1665841884' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='awsm-ead-public-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/embed-any-document/css/embed-public.min.css?ver=2.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='classic-theme-styles-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/css/classic-themes.min.css?ver=1' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>
body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--duotone--dark-grayscale: url('#wp-duotone-dark-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--grayscale: url('#wp-duotone-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-yellow: url('#wp-duotone-purple-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-red: url('#wp-duotone-blue-red');--wp--preset--duotone--midnight: url('#wp-duotone-midnight');--wp--preset--duotone--magenta-yellow: url('#wp-duotone-magenta-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-green: url('#wp-duotone-purple-green');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-orange: url('#wp-duotone-blue-orange');--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;}
:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}
.wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='bbp-default-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/bbpress/templates/default/css/bbpress.min.css?ver=2.6.9' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.7.3' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='email-subscribers-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribers/lite/public/css/email-subscribers-public.css?ver=5.5.7' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='post-views-counter-frontend-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/post-views-counter/css/frontend.min.css?ver=1.3.12' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-default-style-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/style.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-child-style-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub-child/style.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-modules-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/modules.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='newshub-mikado-modules-inline-css' type='text/css'>
@media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1400px){}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-plugins-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/plugins.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-font_awesome-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-font_elegant-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/elegant-icons/style.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-ion_icons-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/ion-icons/css/ionicons.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-linea_icons-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/linea-icons/style.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-simple_line_icons-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/simple-line-icons/simple-line-icons.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-blog-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/blog.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-bb-press-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/bbpress.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-style-dynamic-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/style_dynamic.css?ver=1671277225' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-modules-responsive-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/modules-responsive.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-blog-responsive-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/blog-responsive.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-style-dynamic-responsive-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/style_dynamic_responsive.css?ver=1671277225' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='js_composer_front-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/css/js_composer.min.css?ver=6.10.0' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-bb-press-reponsive-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/css/bbpress-responsive.min.css?ver=6.1.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newshub-mikado-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A100%2C100i%2C200%2C200i%2C300%2C300i%2C400%2C400i%2C500%2C500i%2C600%2C600i%2C700%2C700i%2C800%2C800i%2C900%2C900i%7CPoppins%3A+100%2C100i%2C200%2C200i%2C300%2C300i%2C400%2C400i%2C500%2C500i%2C600%2C600i%2C700%2C700i%2C800%2C800i%2C900%2C900i%7CPoppins%3A100%2C100i%2C200%2C200i%2C300%2C300i%2C400%2C400i%2C500%2C500i%2C600%2C600i%2C700%2C700i%2C800%2C800i%2C900%2C900i&#038;subset=latin-ext&#038;ver=1.0.0' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='multiple-authors-widget-css-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/publishpress-authors/src/assets/css/multiple-authors-widget.css?ver=4.1.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='multiple-authors-widget-css-inline-css' type='text/css'>
:root { --ppa-color-scheme: #655997; --ppa-color-scheme-active: #504778; }
</style>
<script type='text/javascript' id='sgr-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var sgr = {"sgr_site_key":"6LfJ6mEdAAAAALJPdzf5oDdBKPbu_Cp4wDkySr21"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/simple-google-recaptcha/sgr.js?ver=1665841884' id='sgr-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=8.12.1' id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js'></script>
<script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */
var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk","hash_tracking":"false","ua":"","v4_id":"G-R4WVMJ45V4"};/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.1' id='jquery-core-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.3.2' id='jquery-migrate-js'></script>

<!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit -->
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-213709631-1' id='google_gtagjs-js' async></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='google_gtagjs-js-after'>
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('set', 'linker', {"domains":["lipr.org.uk"]} );
gtag("js", new Date());
gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true);
gtag("config", "UA-213709631-1", {"anonymize_ip":true});
gtag("config", "G-ETHYTHZXQ4");
</script>

<!-- End Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit -->
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/wp-subscribe-form/includes/js/select2.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='sfba-select2-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='sfba-form-ajax-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var the_ajax_script = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","ajax_nonce":"46e2110b61"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/wp-subscribe-form/includes/js/sfba-form-ajax.js?ver=6.1.4' id='sfba-form-ajax-js'></script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/48168" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://lipr.org.uk/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
<link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml" />
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.1.4" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='https://lipr.org.uk/?p=48168' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Flipr.org.uk%2Frenowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Flipr.org.uk%2Frenowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister%2F&#038;format=xml" />
<meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.108.0" />
<!-- Google AdSense snippet added by Site Kit -->
<meta name="google-adsense-platform-account" content="ca-host-pub-2644536267352236">
<meta name="google-adsense-platform-domain" content="sitekit.withgoogle.com">
<!-- End Google AdSense snippet added by Site Kit -->
<style type="text/css">.recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}</style><meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/>

<!-- Google AdSense snippet added by Site Kit -->
<script async="async" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-7780204651661782&amp;host=ca-host-pub-2644536267352236" crossorigin="anonymous" type="text/javascript"></script>

<!-- End Google AdSense snippet added by Site Kit -->

<!-- Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit -->
<script type="text/javascript">
			( function( w, d, s, l, i ) {
				w[l] = w[l] || [];
				w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} );
				var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0],
					j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : '';
				j.async = true;
				j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl;
				f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f );
			} )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-NB6RFMB' );
			
</script>

<!-- End Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit -->
<meta name="generator" content="Powered by Slider Revolution 6.6.7 - responsive, Mobile-Friendly Slider Plugin for WordPress with comfortable drag and drop interface." />
<link rel="icon" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/cropped-LIPR-LOGO-SHAPE-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" />
<link rel="icon" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/cropped-LIPR-LOGO-SHAPE-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/cropped-LIPR-LOGO-SHAPE-180x180.png" />
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/cropped-LIPR-LOGO-SHAPE-270x270.png" />
<script>function setREVStartSize(e){
			//window.requestAnimationFrame(function() {
				window.RSIW = window.RSIW===undefined ? window.innerWidth : window.RSIW;
				window.RSIH = window.RSIH===undefined ? window.innerHeight : window.RSIH;
				try {
					var pw = document.getElementById(e.c).parentNode.offsetWidth,
						newh;
					pw = pw===0 || isNaN(pw) || (e.l=="fullwidth" || e.layout=="fullwidth") ? window.RSIW : pw;
					e.tabw = e.tabw===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.tabw);
					e.thumbw = e.thumbw===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.thumbw);
					e.tabh = e.tabh===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.tabh);
					e.thumbh = e.thumbh===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.thumbh);
					e.tabhide = e.tabhide===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.tabhide);
					e.thumbhide = e.thumbhide===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.thumbhide);
					e.mh = e.mh===undefined || e.mh=="" || e.mh==="auto" ? 0 : parseInt(e.mh,0);
					if(e.layout==="fullscreen" || e.l==="fullscreen")
						newh = Math.max(e.mh,window.RSIH);
					else{
						e.gw = Array.isArray(e.gw) ? e.gw : [e.gw];
						for (var i in e.rl) if (e.gw[i]===undefined || e.gw[i]===0) e.gw[i] = e.gw[i-1];
						e.gh = e.el===undefined || e.el==="" || (Array.isArray(e.el) && e.el.length==0)? e.gh : e.el;
						e.gh = Array.isArray(e.gh) ? e.gh : [e.gh];
						for (var i in e.rl) if (e.gh[i]===undefined || e.gh[i]===0) e.gh[i] = e.gh[i-1];
											
						var nl = new Array(e.rl.length),
							ix = 0,
							sl;
						e.tabw = e.tabhide>=pw ? 0 : e.tabw;
						e.thumbw = e.thumbhide>=pw ? 0 : e.thumbw;
						e.tabh = e.tabhide>=pw ? 0 : e.tabh;
						e.thumbh = e.thumbhide>=pw ? 0 : e.thumbh;
						for (var i in e.rl) nl[i] = e.rl[i]<window.RSIW ? 0 : e.rl[i];
						sl = nl[0];
						for (var i in nl) if (sl>nl[i] && nl[i]>0) { sl = nl[i]; ix=i;}
						var m = pw>(e.gw[ix]+e.tabw+e.thumbw) ? 1 : (pw-(e.tabw+e.thumbw)) / (e.gw[ix]);
						newh =  (e.gh[ix] * m) + (e.tabh + e.thumbh);
					}
					var el = document.getElementById(e.c);
					if (el!==null && el) el.style.height = newh+"px";
					el = document.getElementById(e.c+"_wrapper");
					if (el!==null && el) {
						el.style.height = newh+"px";
						el.style.display = "block";
					}
				} catch(e){
					console.log("Failure at Presize of Slider:" + e)
				}
			//});
		  };</script>
		<style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css">
			input.wpedon_paypalbuttonimage {
    margin-top: 13px;
}

img{
	border-radius:9px;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 560px){
.mkd-mobile-logo-wrapper a img {
	position: relative;
	top: -90%;
	width: 90% !important;
	height: auto !important;
	text-align: center;
	right: 12px;
}

.mkd-vertical-align-containers .mkd-position-right {
	top: -99% !important;
}

.mkd-breadcrumbs-inner {
	overflow: hidden !important;
	width: 100vw;
}

.single-post .mkd-blog-single-navigation .mkd-blog-single-prev, .single-post .mkd-blog-single-navigation .mkd-blog-single-next{
	width: 100% !important;
}
}

.mkd-main-menu > ul > li > a span.item_inner {
	padding: 0 11px !important;
	font-weight: bold !important;
	font-size: 13px !important;
}		</style>
		<noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript></head>
<body data-rsssl=1 class="post-template-default single single-post postid-48168 single-format-standard mkd-core-1.3.3 newshub child-child-ver-1.0.0 newshub-ver-1.9 mkd-fade-in-layouts  mkd-blog-installed mkd-bbpress-installed mkd-header-type1 mkd-fixed-on-scroll mkd-light mkd-default-mobile-header mkd-sticky-up-mobile-header mkd-apsc-custom-style-enabled mkd-search-covers-header wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.10.0 vc_responsive"  >
<div class="mkd-wrapper">
    <div class="mkd-wrapper-inner">
        
        

<div class="mkd-top-bar">
        <div class="mkd-grid">
    		        <div class="mkd-vertical-align-containers mkd-50-50">
            <div class="mkd-position-left">
                <div class="mkd-position-left-inner">
                                            <div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-2" class="widget widget_mkd_social_icon_widget mkd-top-bar-widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "   data-hover-color="#45a3fb" data-color="#969595">
                    <a  href="https://www.rss.com/" target="_blank">
        
        <span aria-hidden="true" class="mkd-icon-font-elegant  mkd-icon-element" style="color: #969595;margin:0px 10px 0px 0px" ></span>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-3" class="widget widget_mkd_social_icon_widget mkd-top-bar-widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://twitter.com/LondonInstitut4" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-twitter mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 10px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-4" class="widget widget_mkd_social_icon_widget mkd-top-bar-widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.facebook.com/LondonInstituteofPeaceResearch" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-facebook mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 10px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-5" class="widget widget_mkd_social_icon_widget mkd-top-bar-widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.instagram.com/" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-instagram mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 10px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-22" class="widget widget_mkd_social_icon_widget mkd-top-bar-widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxUxt-fthLAmNDSYaypIKVw" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-youtube mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 10px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-25" class="widget widget_mkd_social_icon_widget mkd-top-bar-widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/jonathan-price-ab707b203/" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-linkedin mkd-icon-element" style="" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div>                                    </div>
            </div>
                        <div class="mkd-position-right">
                <div class="mkd-position-right-inner">
                                            <div id="block-10" class="widget widget_block mkd-top-bar-widget"><p><a href="#" class="shownewsletterbox">Subscribe</a></p></div>                                    </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        </div>
    </div>



    <header class="mkd-page-header">
                <div class="mkd-widget-area">
                        <div class="mkd-grid">
                            <div class="mkd-vertical-align-containers">
                    <div class="mkd-position-center">
                        <div class="mkd-position-center-inner">
                                                            <div id="media_image-3" class="widget widget_media_image mkd-header-middle-area-widget"><img width="1200" height="148" src="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png.png" class="image wp-image-7421  attachment-full size-full" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" srcset="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png.png 1200w, https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png-300x37.png 300w, https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png-1024x126.png 1024w, https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png-768x95.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></div>                                                    </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
         
                <div class="mkd-fixed-wrapper">
                    <div class="mkd-menu-area">
                                <div class="mkd-grid">
                                        <form action="https://lipr.org.uk/" class="mkd-search-cover" method="get">
		<div class="mkd-container">
		<div class="mkd-container-inner clearfix">
						<div class="mkd-form-holder-outer">
				<div class="mkd-form-holder">
					<div class="mkd-form-holder-inner">
						<input type="text" placeholder="Search" name="s" class="mkd_search_field" autocomplete="off" />
						<div class="mkd-search-close">
							<a href="#">
								<i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-times " ></i>							</a>
						</div>
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
					</div>
	</div>
	</form>                    <div class="mkd-vertical-align-containers">
                        <div class="mkd-position-left">
                            <div class="mkd-position-left-inner">
                                
<div class="mkd-logo-wrapper">
    <a href="https://lipr.org.uk/" style="height: 25px;">
        <img class="mkd-normal-logo" src="" alt="logo"/>
                            </a>
</div>

                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="mkd-position-right">
                            <div class="mkd-position-right-inner">
                                
<nav class="mkd-main-menu mkd-drop-down mkd-default-nav">
    <ul id="menu-my-menu" class="clearfix"><li id="nav-menu-item-1073" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home  mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Home</span></span></span></a></li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-1116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children  mkd-menu-has-sub mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/about-us/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">About Us</span><span class="mkd-menu-arrow ion-ios-arrow-down"></span></span></span></a>
<div class="mkd-menu-second"><div class="mkd-menu-inner"><ul>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-1078" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/our-work/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Our Work</span></span></span></a></li>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-1075" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/chairman-message/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Chairman&#8217;s Message</span></span></span></a></li>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-10842" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/our-partners/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Partners</span></span></span></a></li>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-1076" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/contact-us/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Contact Us</span></span></span></a></li>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-3291" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/subscribe/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Subscribe Us</span></span></span></a></li>
</ul></div></div>
</li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-1295" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children  mkd-menu-has-sub mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/news-articles/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">News</span><span class="mkd-menu-arrow ion-ios-arrow-down"></span></span></span></a>
<div class="mkd-menu-second"><div class="mkd-menu-inner"><ul>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-25280" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/exclusive-news/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Exclusive</span></span></span></a></li>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-1322" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/article/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Articles</span></span></span></a></li>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-1316" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/video/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Videos</span></span></span></a></li>
</ul></div></div>
</li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-20021" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children  mkd-menu-has-sub mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/intl-peace-research-articles/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Research Articles</span><span class="mkd-menu-arrow ion-ios-arrow-down"></span></span></span></a>
<div class="mkd-menu-second"><div class="mkd-menu-inner"><ul>
	<li id="nav-menu-item-1953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category " ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/peace-documents/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Historic Peace Documents</span></span></span></a></li>
</ul></div></div>
</li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-31189" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page  mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/gallery/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Gallery</span></span></span></a></li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-2818" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category  mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/human-rights/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Human Rights</span></span></span></a></li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-25296" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page  mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/lipr-ambassadors-of-peace/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Ambassadors of Peace</span></span></span></a></li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-14325" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page  mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/free-peace-courses/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Free Peace Courses</span></span></span></a></li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-14374" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category  mkd-menu-narrow" ><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/climate-change/" class=""><span class="item_outer"><span class="item_inner"><span class="menu_icon_wrapper"><i class="menu_icon blank fa"></i></span><span class="item_text">Climate Change</span></span></span></a></li>
<li id="nav-menu-item-20044" class="menu-item menu-item-type-gs_sim menu-item-object-gs_sim  mkd-menu-narrow" ><div ><form target='_blank' action='https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr' method='post'><input type='hidden' name='cmd' value='_donations' /><input type='hidden' name='business' value='ceo@lipr.org.uk' /><input type='hidden' name='item_name' value='Donation' /><input type='hidden' name='item_number' value='1' /><input type='hidden' name='currency_code' value='GBP' /><input type='hidden' name='amount' id='amount_9da4d90716372384191ca95276aaf669' value='5.00' /><input type='hidden' name='no_note' value='0'><input type='hidden' name='no_shipping' value='1'><input type='hidden' name='notify_url' value='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-admin/admin-post.php?action=add_wpedon_button_ipn'><input type='hidden' name='lc' value='EN_US'><input type='hidden' name='bn' value='WPPlugin_SP'><input type='hidden' name='return' value='https://lipr.org.uk/' /><input type='hidden' name='cancel_return' value='' /><input class='wpedon_paypalbuttonimage' type='image' src='https://www.paypal.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donate_SM.gif' border='0' name='submit' alt='Make your payments with PayPal. It is free, secure, effective.' style='border: none;'><img alt='' border='0' style='border:none;display:none;' src='https://www.paypal.com/EN_US/i/scr/pixel.gif' width='1' height='1'></form></div></li>
</ul></nav>

                                                                    
        <div class="mkd-search-opener-holder">
            <div class="mkd-search-opener-inner">

        <a 			data-icon-close-same-position="yes"                        class="mkd-search-opener" href="javascript:void(0)">
            <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-search " ></i>        </a>

            </div>
        </div>
                                                                </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                                    </div>
                        </div>
                </div>
                    </header>


<header class="mkd-mobile-header">
    <div class="mkd-mobile-header-inner">
                <div class="mkd-mobile-header-holder">
            <div class="mkd-grid">
                <div class="mkd-vertical-align-containers">
                                            <div class="mkd-position-left">
                            <div class="mkd-position-left-inner">
                                
<div class="mkd-mobile-logo-wrapper">
    <a href="https://lipr.org.uk/" style="height: 74px">
        <img src="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png.png" alt="mobile-logo"/>
    </a>
</div>

                            </div>
                        </div>
                                        <div class="mkd-position-right">
                        <div class="mkd-position-right-inner">
                                                                                        <div class="mkd-mobile-menu-opener">
                                    <a href="javascript:void(0)">
                                        <span class="mkd-mobile-opener-icon-holder">
                                            <i class="mkd-icon-ion-icon ion-navicon "></i>
                                        </span>
                                    </a>
                                </div>
                                                    </div>
                    </div>
                </div> <!-- close .mkd-vertical-align-containers -->
            </div>
        </div>
        
    <nav class="mkd-mobile-nav">
        <div class="mkd-grid">
            <ul id="menu-my-menu-1" class=""><li id="mobile-menu-item-1073" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/" class=""><span>Home</span></a></li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-1116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children  has_sub"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/about-us/" class=""><span>About Us</span></a><span class="mobile_arrow"><i class="mkd-sub-arrow arrow_carrot-right"></i></span>
<ul class="sub_menu">
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-1078" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/our-work/" class=""><span>Our Work</span></a></li>
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-1075" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/chairman-message/" class=""><span>Chairman&#8217;s Message</span></a></li>
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-10842" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/our-partners/" class=""><span>Partners</span></a></li>
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-1076" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/contact-us/" class=""><span>Contact Us</span></a></li>
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-3291" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/subscribe/" class=""><span>Subscribe Us</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-1295" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children  has_sub"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/news-articles/" class=""><span>News</span></a><span class="mobile_arrow"><i class="mkd-sub-arrow arrow_carrot-right"></i></span>
<ul class="sub_menu">
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-25280" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/exclusive-news/" class=""><span>Exclusive</span></a></li>
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-1322" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/article/" class=""><span>Articles</span></a></li>
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-1316" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/video/" class=""><span>Videos</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-20021" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children  has_sub"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/intl-peace-research-articles/" class=""><span>Research Articles</span></a><span class="mobile_arrow"><i class="mkd-sub-arrow arrow_carrot-right"></i></span>
<ul class="sub_menu">
	<li id="mobile-menu-item-1953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/peace-documents/" class=""><span>Historic Peace Documents</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-31189" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/gallery/" class=""><span>Gallery</span></a></li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-2818" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/human-rights/" class=""><span>Human Rights</span></a></li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-25296" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/lipr-ambassadors-of-peace/" class=""><span>Ambassadors of Peace</span></a></li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-14325" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/free-peace-courses/" class=""><span>Free Peace Courses</span></a></li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-14374" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category "><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/climate-change/" class=""><span>Climate Change</span></a></li>
<li id="mobile-menu-item-20044" class="menu-item menu-item-type-gs_sim menu-item-object-gs_sim "><div ><form target='_blank' action='https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr' method='post'><input type='hidden' name='cmd' value='_donations' /><input type='hidden' name='business' value='ceo@lipr.org.uk' /><input type='hidden' name='item_name' value='Donation' /><input type='hidden' name='item_number' value='1' /><input type='hidden' name='currency_code' value='GBP' /><input type='hidden' name='amount' id='amount_8dc5e2fe382085ffa546afc769039cbe' value='5.00' /><input type='hidden' name='no_note' value='0'><input type='hidden' name='no_shipping' value='1'><input type='hidden' name='notify_url' value='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-admin/admin-post.php?action=add_wpedon_button_ipn'><input type='hidden' name='lc' value='EN_US'><input type='hidden' name='bn' value='WPPlugin_SP'><input type='hidden' name='return' value='https://lipr.org.uk/' /><input type='hidden' name='cancel_return' value='' /><input class='wpedon_paypalbuttonimage' type='image' src='https://www.paypal.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donate_SM.gif' border='0' name='submit' alt='Make your payments with PayPal. It is free, secure, effective.' style='border: none;'><img alt='' border='0' style='border:none;display:none;' src='https://www.paypal.com/EN_US/i/scr/pixel.gif' width='1' height='1'></form></div></li>
</ul>        </div>
    </nav>

    </div>

</header> <!-- close .mkd-mobile-header -->



                    <a id='mkd-back-to-top'  href='#'>
                <span class="mkd-icon-stack">
                     <span aria-hidden="true" class="mkd-icon-font-elegant arrow_carrot-up"></span>
                </span>
            </a>
        
        <div class="mkd-content" >
            <div class="mkd-content-inner">                <div class="mkd-title mkd-breadcrumb-type mkd-content-left-alignment" style="" data-height="34" >
                <div class="mkd-title-image"></div>
                <div class="mkd-title-holder" style="height:34px;">
                    <div class="mkd-breadcrumbs-holder"><div class="mkd-breadcrumbs-holder-inner"><div class="mkd-breadcrumbs"><div class="mkd-breadcrumbs-inner"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/">Home</a><span class='mkd-delimiter'></span><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/latest-news/">Latest News</a><span class='mkd-delimiter'></span><span class="mkd-current">Renowned Sikh businessman charged with bribing Caribbean minister</span></div></div></div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        	<div class="mkd-container">
				<div class="mkd-container-inner">
				<div class="mkd-blog-holder mkd-blog-single">
		    <div class="mkd-post-info-category-holder clearfix">
        <div class="mkd-post-info-category"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/latest-news/" rel="category tag">Latest News</a></div>    </div>

    <h1  class="entry-title mkd-post-title">Renowned Sikh businessman charged with bribing Caribbean minister</h1>
<div class="mkd-post-info clearfix">
    <div class="mkd-post-info-author"><a  class="mkd-post-info-author-link" href="https://lipr.org.uk/author/cyril-thomas/">by: Cyril Thomas</a></div>
<div  class="mkd-post-info-date entry-date updated">
			<a  href="https://lipr.org.uk/2024/05/">
		May 24, 2024			</a>
		<meta  content="UserComments: 0"/>
</div><div class="mkd-blog-like"><a href="#" class="mkd-like" id="mkd-like-48168-686" title="Like this"><span>0</span></a> likes</div><div class="mkd-post-info-comments-holder"><a  class="mkd-post-info-comments" href="https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/#respond" target="_self">0 Comments</a></div><div class="mkd-post-info-count">
    <span class="mkd-post-count-number">138 seen</span>
</div></div><article id="post-48168" class="post-48168 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-latest-news tag-human-rights tag-london tag-minority-rights tag-peace tag-peace-news tag-peter-verde tag-research tag-sikhs tag-sikhs-for-justice tag-un">
    <div class="mkd-post-content">
                    <div class="mkd-post-image-area">
                	<div class="mkd-post-image">
		<img width="647" height="331" src="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Capture-87.jpg" class="attachment-newshub_mikado_post_feature_image size-newshub_mikado_post_feature_image wp-post-image" alt="Australians Sikhs to vote in Khalistan Referendum on January 29 in Melbourne" decoding="async" srcset="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Capture-87.jpg 647w, https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Capture-87-300x153.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px" />	</div>
            </div>
                <div class="mkd-post-text">
            <div class="mkd-post-text-inner clearfix">
                <h4>LONDON: Prominent British-Sikh businessman Peter Virdee, wanted in connection with a multimillion-pound bribery investigation by the United Kingdom’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Crime_Agency">National Crime Agency</a> (NCA), has been charged with bribing a foreign public official.</h4>
<p>Virdee, 50, also known as Hardip Singh, appeared at the Westminster Magistrates Court, where he was charged alongside the company of which he is a director. He has been released on bail to appear before Southwark Crown Court on June 20, said the NCA.</p>
<p>The NCA said: &#8220;Peter Virdee, 50, also known as Hardip Singh, appeared at the Westminster Magistrates Court where he was charged with bribing a foreign public official. It is alleged that between January 2015 and July 2017 he bribed Asot Michael, a Member of Parliament and Government Minister of Tourism, Economic Development Investment and Energy for Antigua and Barbuda, to benefit PV Energy Ltd, the company he is a director of. PV Energy Ltd was simultaneously charged with failing to prevent bribery in relation to the same offences.”</p>
<p>Virdee has made no comment on the charges but sources close to him have denied the charges.</p>
<p>According to court papers, Virdee was charged with bribing a foreign public official contrary to Section 6 of the Bribery Act 2010.</p>
<p>PV Energy, between January 1, 2015, and July 26, 2017, failed to prevent Singh (aka Peter Virdee), a person associated with PV Energy Limited, from bribing another person, Michael, intending to obtain or retain business for PV Energy Limited or intending to obtain or retain an advantage in the conduct of business for PV Energy, according to the details of the bribery charge.</p>
<p>Under the PTI government in July 2019, Virdee had announced to commit millions of pounds to Pakistan Gurdwaras to respond to Pakistani state’s decision to establish the Kartarpur Corridor to facilitate <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhs#:~:text=Sikhs%20(singular%20Sikh%3A%20%2Fs,the%20revelation%20of%20Guru%20Nanak.">Sikhs f</a>rom all over the world into Pakistan to visit their holiest of sites.</p>
<p>He had announced his charitable organisation Peter Virdee Foundation will join hands with other Sikh groups to inject £500 million into Pakistan to renovate and modernise hundreds of Gurdwaras.</p>
<p>Virdee, a high-flying businessman, has donated money to both the Conservatives and Labour. He has previously given £100,000 to the Conservatives.</p>
<p>Please visit our website London Institute of Peace Research for latest peace news</p>
<div class="pp-multiple-authors-wrapper multiple-authors-target-the-content pp-multiple-authors-layout-simple_list">
            <h2 class="widget-title"></h2>
    
    <ul>
                    <li class="author_index_1 author_cyril-thomas">
                <a href="https://lipr.org.uk/author/cyril-thomas/" class="author url fn" rel="author" title="Cyril Thomas">Cyril Thomas</a>
                                    <img alt='Cyril Thomas' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=35&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=70&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-35 photo avatar-default' height='35' width='35' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/>
                            </li>
            </ul>
</div>
<div class="post-views content-post post-48168 entry-meta">
				<span class="post-views-icon dashicons dashicons-chart-bar"></span> <span class="post-views-label">Post Views:</span> <span class="post-views-count">0</span>
			</div>            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    </article><div class="mkd-single-tags-share-holder">

    <div class="mkd-single-tags-holder">
        <h5 class="mkd-single-tags-title mkd-title-line-head">Tags</h5>
        <div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div>
        <div class="mkd-tags">
            <a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/human-rights/" rel="tag">human rights</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/london/" rel="tag">London</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/minority-rights/" rel="tag">minority rights</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/peace/" rel="tag">Peace</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/peace-news/" rel="tag">peace news</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/peter-verde/" rel="tag">Peter Verde</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/research/" rel="tag">Research</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/sikhs/" rel="tag">Sikhs</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/sikhs-for-justice/" rel="tag">Sikhs for Justice</a><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/un/" rel="tag">UN</a>        </div>
    </div>


</div>
    <div class ="mkd-blog-single-share">
        <div class="mkd-social-share-holder mkd-list">
	<ul>
		<li class="mkd-facebook-share">
	<a  class="mkd-share-link" href="#" onclick="window.open('http://facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Flipr.org.uk%2Frenowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister%2F', 'popupwindow', 'scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=400');">
					<span class="mkd-social-network-icon social_facebook"></span>
		                    <span>facebook</span>
        	</a>
</li><li class="mkd-twitter-share">
	<a  class="mkd-share-link" href="#" onclick="window.open('https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=LONDON%3A+Prominent+British-Sikh+businessman+Peter+Virdee%2C+wanted+in+connection+with+a+multimillion-pound+bribery+ https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/', 'popupwindow', 'scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=400');">
					<span class="mkd-social-network-icon social_twitter"></span>
		                    <span>twitter</span>
        	</a>
</li><li class="mkd-linkedin-share">
	<a  class="mkd-share-link" href="#" onclick="popUp=window.open('http://linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Flipr.org.uk%2Frenowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister%2F&amp;title=Renowned+Sikh+businessman+charged+with+bribing+Caribbean+minister', 'popupwindow', 'scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=400');popUp.focus();return false;">
					<span class="mkd-social-network-icon social_linkedin"></span>
		                    <span>linkedin</span>
        	</a>
</li>	</ul>
</div>    </div>
<div class="mkd-ratings-holder">
    <div class="mkd-title-holder mkd-ratings-text-title">
        <h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Rate This Article:</h5>
        <div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="mkd-ratings-stars-holder">
        <div class="mkd-ratings-stars-inner">
            <span id="mkd-rating-1" ></span>
            <span id="mkd-rating-2" ></span>
            <span id="mkd-rating-3" ></span>
            <span id="mkd-rating-4" ></span>
            <span id="mkd-rating-5" ></span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="mkd-ratings-message-holder">
        <div class="mkd-rating-value"></div>
        <div class="mkd-rating-message"></div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="mkd-related-posts-holder clearfix">
    <div class="mkd-title-holder">
        <h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Related posts</h5>
        <div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div>
    </div>

    <div class="mkd-post-columns-2">
        <div class="mkd-post-columns-inner">

            
                <section class="mkd-post-item mkd-pt-one-item">
                    <div class="mkd-post-item-inner">

                                                    <div class="mkd-pt-image-holder">
                                <a  class="mkd-pt-image-link" href="https://lipr.org.uk/australian-pm-distances-govt-from-king-charles-decision-to-award-medal-to-soldier-accused-of-afghanistan-war-crimes/" target="_self">
                                    <img width="752" height="423" src="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/720111_88159047.jpg" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="King Charles settles into life as monarch, after long wait" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/720111_88159047.jpg 752w, https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/720111_88159047-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px" />                                </a>
                            </div><!-- .mkd-pt-image-holder -->
                        
                        <div class="mkd-post-info-category"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/latest-news/" rel="category tag">Latest News</a></div>
                        <div class="mkd-pt-title">
                            <h3>
                                <a  class="mkd-pt-title-link" href="https://lipr.org.uk/australian-pm-distances-govt-from-king-charles-decision-to-award-medal-to-soldier-accused-of-afghanistan-war-crimes/" target="_self">Australian PM distances govt from King Charles’ decision to award medal to soldier accused of Afghanistan war crimes</a>
                            </h3>
                        </div>

                        <div class="mkd-pt-meta-section clearfix">
                            <div  class="mkd-post-info-date entry-date updated">
			<a  href="https://lipr.org.uk/2024/06/">
		June 29, 2024			</a>
		<meta  content="UserComments: 0"/>
</div>                        </div><!-- .mkd-pt-meta-section -->

                    </div><!-- .mkd-post-item-inner -->
                </section><!-- .mkd-post-item -->

            
                <section class="mkd-post-item mkd-pt-one-item">
                    <div class="mkd-post-item-inner">

                                                    <div class="mkd-pt-image-holder">
                                <a  class="mkd-pt-image-link" href="https://lipr.org.uk/gazans-living-in-unbearable-conditions-unrwa/" target="_self">
                                    <img width="500" height="346" src="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2-137.jpg" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Kashmiri children worst victims of Indian state terrorism in IIOJK" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2-137.jpg 500w, https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2-137-300x208.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px" />                                </a>
                            </div><!-- .mkd-pt-image-holder -->
                        
                        <div class="mkd-post-info-category"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/category/latest-news/" rel="category tag">Latest News</a></div>
                        <div class="mkd-pt-title">
                            <h3>
                                <a  class="mkd-pt-title-link" href="https://lipr.org.uk/gazans-living-in-unbearable-conditions-unrwa/" target="_self">Gazans living in &#8216;unbearable&#8217; conditions: UNRWA</a>
                            </h3>
                        </div>

                        <div class="mkd-pt-meta-section clearfix">
                            <div  class="mkd-post-info-date entry-date updated">
			<a  href="https://lipr.org.uk/2024/06/">
		June 29, 2024			</a>
		<meta  content="UserComments: 0"/>
</div>                        </div><!-- .mkd-pt-meta-section -->

                    </div><!-- .mkd-post-item-inner -->
                </section><!-- .mkd-post-item -->

                    </div>
    </div><!-- .mkd-related-posts-inner -->
</div><!-- .mkd-related-posts-holder -->

	<div class="mkd-blog-single-navigation">
        <div class="mkd-blog-single-navigation-title">
            <h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Previous Article</h5>
            <div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div>
            <h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Next Article</h5>
        </div>
        			<div class="mkd-blog-single-prev">
				<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/china-central-asia-ties-help-region-stability/" rel="prev"><div class="mkd-blog-single-navigation-arrow">
                    <span class="ion-chevron-left"></span></div>
                    <h6 class="mkd-blog-single-navigation-link-name">China-Central Asia ties help region stability</h6></a>			</div>
					<div class="mkd-blog-single-next">
				<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/indias-new-government-will-be-spoilt-for-choice-with-25b-extra-in-kitty/" rel="next"><h6 class="mkd-blog-single-navigation-link-name">India&#8217;s new government will be spoilt for choice with $25b...</h6>
                    <div class="mkd-blog-single-navigation-arrow">
                    <span class="ion-chevron-right"></span></div></a>			</div>
                </div>
<div class="mkd-comment-holder clearfix  ">
	<div class="mkd-comment-title">
		<h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">No comments</h5>
        <div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div>
	</div>
	<div class="mkd-comments">
</div></div>
 <div class="mkd-comment-form">
		<div id="respond" class="comment-respond">
		<h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">leave a comment <small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel Reply</a></small></h3><form action="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form"><textarea id="comment" placeholder="Comment *" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" aria-required="true"></textarea><div class="mkd-two-columns-50-50 clearfix">
                        <div class="mkd-two-columns-50-50-inner">
                            <div class="mkd-column">
                                <div class="mkd-column-inner">
                                    <input id="author" name="author" placeholder="Name *" type="text" value="" aria-required='true' />
                                 </div>
                            </div>
<div class="mkd-column">
                                <div class="mkd-column-inner">
                                    <input id="email" name="email" placeholder="Email *" type="text" value="" aria-required='true' />
                                </div>
                             </div>
                        </div></div>
<input id="url" name="url" type="text" placeholder="Website" value="" />
<p class="comment-form-cookies-consent"><input id="wp-comment-cookies-consent" name="wp-comment-cookies-consent" type="checkbox" value="yes" /><label for="wp-comment-cookies-consent">Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.</label></p>
<input type="hidden" name="g-recaptcha-response" class="sgr-main">
<p class="sgr-infotext">This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google <a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://policies.google.com/terms">Terms of Service</a> apply.</p><p class="form-submit"><input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit_comment" class="submit" value="Post Comment" /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='48168' id='comment_post_ID' />
<input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' />
</p></form>	</div><!-- #respond -->
	</div>	</div>

		</div>
			</div>
</div> <!-- close div.content_inner -->
</div>  <!-- close div.content -->


<footer>
	<div class="mkd-footer-inner clearfix">
		<div class="mkd-footer-top-holder">
    <div class="mkd-footer-top ">
        
        <div class="mkd-container">
            <div class="mkd-container-inner">

                <div class="mkd-three-columns clearfix">
	<div class="mkd-three-columns-inner">
		<div class="mkd-column">
			<div class="mkd-column-inner">
				<div id="text-2" class="widget mkd-footer-column-1 widget_text"><div class="mkd-section-title-holder clearfix"><h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Disclaimer</h5><div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div></div>			<div class="textwidget"><p style="text-align: justify;">The London Institute of  Peace Research is not responsible for the accuracy or content of information contained in websites to which it links. These third-party links do not constitute an endorsement by the London Institute of Peace Research  of the parties. The opinions expressed by staff members or contributors are those of the individuals and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the London Institute of Peace Research .</p>
</div>
		</div>			</div>
		</div>
		<div class="mkd-column">
			<div class="mkd-column-inner">
				<div id="text-8" class="widget mkd-footer-column-2 widget_text"><div class="mkd-section-title-holder clearfix"><h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Address</h5><div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div></div>			<div class="textwidget"><p>85 Great Portland Street, London W1W 7LT</p>
</div>
		</div><div id="text-9" class="widget mkd-footer-column-2 widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><p>Email: info@lipr.org.uk</p>
</div>
		</div><div id="text-10" class="widget mkd-footer-column-2 widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><p>P: 0044 7957 713374</p>
</div>
		</div><div id="text-12" class="widget mkd-footer-column-2 widget_text"><div class="mkd-section-title-holder clearfix"><h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Tags</h5><div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div></div>			<div class="textwidget"></div>
		</div><div id="block-13" class="widget mkd-footer-column-2 widget_block widget_tag_cloud"><p class="wp-block-tag-cloud"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/india/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-87 tag-link-position-1" style="font-size: 18.791666666667pt;" aria-label="#India (1,149 items)">#India</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/pakistan/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-86 tag-link-position-2" style="font-size: 15pt;" aria-label="#Pakistan (344 items)">#Pakistan</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/afghanistan/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-413 tag-link-position-3" style="font-size: 9.1666666666667pt;" aria-label="Afghanistan (54 items)">Afghanistan</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/australia/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1127 tag-link-position-4" style="font-size: 8.0729166666667pt;" aria-label="Australia (38 items)">Australia</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/bjp/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-250 tag-link-position-5" style="font-size: 11.28125pt;" aria-label="BJP (105 items)">BJP</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/britain/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-539 tag-link-position-6" style="font-size: 9.96875pt;" aria-label="Britain (70 items)">Britain</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/canada/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-641 tag-link-position-7" style="font-size: 9.1666666666667pt;" aria-label="Canada (54 items)">Canada</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/china/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-213 tag-link-position-8" style="font-size: 14.34375pt;" aria-label="China (278 items)">China</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/climate-change/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-393 tag-link-position-9" style="font-size: 11.28125pt;" aria-label="climate change (105 items)">climate change</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/covid-19/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-355 tag-link-position-10" style="font-size: 8.0729166666667pt;" aria-label="Covid-19 (38 items)">Covid-19</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/european-union/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-702 tag-link-position-11" style="font-size: 8.0729166666667pt;" aria-label="European Union (38 items)">European Union</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/gaza/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-635 tag-link-position-12" style="font-size: 9.09375pt;" aria-label="Gaza (53 items)">Gaza</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/human-rights/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-402 tag-link-position-13" style="font-size: 21.927083333333pt;" aria-label="human rights (3,055 items)">human rights</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/human-rights-london-minority-rights/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-2113 tag-link-position-14" style="font-size: 10.1875pt;" aria-label="human rights. London. minority rights (75 items)">human rights. London. minority rights</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/iiojk/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-214 tag-link-position-15" style="font-size: 13.177083333333pt;" aria-label="IIOJK (196 items)">IIOJK</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/iran/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-349 tag-link-position-16" style="font-size: 10.916666666667pt;" aria-label="Iran (94 items)">Iran</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/israel/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-221 tag-link-position-17" style="font-size: 11.354166666667pt;" aria-label="Israel (109 items)">Israel</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/joe-biden/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-378 tag-link-position-18" style="font-size: 9.96875pt;" aria-label="Joe Biden (70 items)">Joe Biden</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/kashmir/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-204 tag-link-position-19" style="font-size: 12.739583333333pt;" aria-label="Kashmir (170 items)">Kashmir</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/khalistan/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-931 tag-link-position-20" style="font-size: 8.1458333333333pt;" aria-label="Khalistan (39 items)">Khalistan</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/khalistan-referendum/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-268 tag-link-position-21" style="font-size: 8.3645833333333pt;" aria-label="Khalistan Referendum (42 items)">Khalistan Referendum</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/london/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1132 tag-link-position-22" style="font-size: 21.854166666667pt;" aria-label="London (3,028 items)">London</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/migrants/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-724 tag-link-position-23" style="font-size: 10.989583333333pt;" aria-label="migrants (96 items)">migrants</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/minority-rights/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1686 tag-link-position-24" style="font-size: 21.854166666667pt;" aria-label="minority rights (3,009 items)">minority rights</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/modi/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-465 tag-link-position-25" style="font-size: 8.3645833333333pt;" aria-label="Modi (42 items)">Modi</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/muslims/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-664 tag-link-position-26" style="font-size: 9.96875pt;" aria-label="Muslims (69 items)">Muslims</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/narendra-modi/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1040 tag-link-position-27" style="font-size: 13.177083333333pt;" aria-label="Narendra Modi (194 items)">Narendra Modi</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/north-korea/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-688 tag-link-position-28" style="font-size: 9.1666666666667pt;" aria-label="North Korea (54 items)">North Korea</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/palestine/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1134 tag-link-position-29" style="font-size: 10.479166666667pt;" aria-label="Palestine (83 items)">Palestine</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/peace/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-499 tag-link-position-30" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="Peace (3,133 items)">Peace</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/peace-news/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1687 tag-link-position-31" style="font-size: 21.489583333333pt;" aria-label="peace news (2,681 items)">peace news</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/peace-news-research/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-2114 tag-link-position-32" style="font-size: 15.510416666667pt;" aria-label="peace news Research (402 items)">peace news Research</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/rahul-gandhi/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-464 tag-link-position-33" style="font-size: 9.96875pt;" aria-label="Rahul Gandhi (69 items)">Rahul Gandhi</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/research/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-516 tag-link-position-34" style="font-size: 21.489583333333pt;" aria-label="Research (2,687 items)">Research</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/rishi-sunak/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-458 tag-link-position-35" style="font-size: 8.65625pt;" aria-label="Rishi Sunak (46 items)">Rishi Sunak</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/russia/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-292 tag-link-position-36" style="font-size: 12.885416666667pt;" aria-label="Russia (177 items)">Russia</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/south-korea/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-864 tag-link-position-37" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="South Korea (37 items)">South Korea</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/sudan/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-196 tag-link-position-38" style="font-size: 8.3645833333333pt;" aria-label="Sudan (42 items)">Sudan</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/uk/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-293 tag-link-position-39" style="font-size: 9.96875pt;" aria-label="UK (69 items)">UK</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/ukraine/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-236 tag-link-position-40" style="font-size: 12.739583333333pt;" aria-label="Ukraine (169 items)">Ukraine</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/un/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-215 tag-link-position-41" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="UN (3,175 items)">UN</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/united-kingdom/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-690 tag-link-position-42" style="font-size: 13.322916666667pt;" aria-label="United Kingdom (203 items)">United Kingdom</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/united-nations/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1078 tag-link-position-43" style="font-size: 19.010416666667pt;" aria-label="United Nations (1,218 items)">United Nations</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/united-states/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-340 tag-link-position-44" style="font-size: 13.25pt;" aria-label="United States (200 items)">United States</a>
<a href="https://lipr.org.uk/tag/us/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-234 tag-link-position-45" style="font-size: 9.8958333333333pt;" aria-label="US (68 items)">US</a></p></div>			</div>
		</div>
		<div class="mkd-column">
			<div class="mkd-column-inner">
				<div id="pages-3" class="widget mkd-footer-column-3 widget_pages"><div class="mkd-section-title-holder clearfix"><h5 class="mkd-title-line-head">Pages</h5><div class="mkd-title-line-body"></div></div>
			<ul>
				<li class="page_item page-item-30113"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/clients/">Client Portal</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-14322"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/free-peace-courses/">Free Peace Courses</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-31177"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/gallery/">Gallery</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-1061"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/legal-status/">Legal Status</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-25288"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/lipr-ambassadors-of-peace/">LIPR Ambassadors of Peace</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-10833"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/our-partners/">Our Partners</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-2305"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/intl-peace-research-articles/">Research Articles</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-3289"><a href="https://lipr.org.uk/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li>
			</ul>

			</div>			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>            </div>
        </div>
        </div>
</div>
<div class="mkd-footer-bottom-holder">
    <div class="mkd-footer-bottom-holder-inner ">
                <div class="mkd-container">
            <div class="mkd-container-inner">

                <div class="mkd-two-columns-50-50 clearfix">
	<div class="mkd-two-columns-50-50-inner">
		<div class="mkd-column">
			<div class="mkd-column-inner">
				<div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-7" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_mkd_social_icon_widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.rss.com/" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa  mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 15px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-8" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_mkd_social_icon_widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://twitter.com/LondonInstitut4" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-twitter mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 15px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-9" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_mkd_social_icon_widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.facebook.com/LondonInstituteofPeaceResearch" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-facebook mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 15px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-10" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_mkd_social_icon_widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.instagram.com/londoninstitueofpeaceresearch/" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-instagram mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 15px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-11" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_mkd_social_icon_widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxUxt-fthLAmNDSYaypIKVw" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-youtube mkd-icon-element" style="margin:0px 15px 0px 0px" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div><div id="mkd_social_icon_widget-26" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_mkd_social_icon_widget">
    <span class="mkd-icon-shortcode normal "  >
                    <a  href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/jonathan-price-ab707b203/" target="_blank">
        
        <i class="mkd-icon-font-awesome fa fa-linkedin mkd-icon-element" style="" ></i>
                    </a>
            </span>

</div>			</div>
		</div>
		<div class="mkd-column">
			<div class="mkd-column-inner">
				<div id="text-4" class="widget mkd-footer-bottom-left widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><p>© LIPR London Institute of Peace Research</p>
</div>
		</div>			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>            </div>
        </div>
        </div>
</div>	</div>
</footer>

</div> <!-- close div.mkd-wrapper-inner  -->
</div> <!-- close div.mkd-wrapper -->

		<script>
			window.RS_MODULES = window.RS_MODULES || {};
			window.RS_MODULES.modules = window.RS_MODULES.modules || {};
			window.RS_MODULES.waiting = window.RS_MODULES.waiting || [];
			window.RS_MODULES.defered = true;
			window.RS_MODULES.moduleWaiting = window.RS_MODULES.moduleWaiting || {};
			window.RS_MODULES.type = 'compiled';
		</script>
		        <div class="overlay" id="mainoverlayDiv" ></div> 

        <div class="mydiv" id='formFormEmail' style="display:none" >
           <div class="container_n">

             <form id="newsletter_signup" name="newsletter_signup">


                <div class="header">
                    <div class="AjaxLoader"><img src="https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/images/AjaxLoader.gif"/>Please wait...</div>
                    <div id="myerror_msg" class="myerror_msg"></div>
                    <div id="mysuccess_msg" class="mysuccess_msg"></div>

                    <h3>Subscribe</h3>

                    <div class="subheading">Want to be notified when our article is published? Enter your email address and name below to be the first to know.</div>

                </div>

                <div class="sep"></div>

                <div class="inputs">

                   <input type="email" class="textfield"  onblur="restoreInput(this,'Email')" onfocus="return clearInput(this,'Email');"  value="Email" name="youremail" id="youremail"  />
                   <div style="clear:both"></div>
                   <div class="errorinput"></div>
                                                   <a id="submit_newsletter"  onclick="submit_newsletter();" name="submit_newsletter">Subscribe Me</a>

            </div>

        </form>

    </div>      
    </div>                     
    <script type='text/javascript'>

            var htmlpopup='';

            function clearInput(source, initialValue) {

                    if (source.value.toUpperCase() == initialValue.toUpperCase())
                            source.value = '';

                    return false;
            }

            function restoreInput(source, initialValue) {
                    if (source.value == '')
                            source.value = initialValue;

                    return false;
            }




            function submit_newsletter() {

                    var emailAdd = jQuery.trim(jQuery("#youremail").val());
                    var yourname = jQuery.trim(jQuery("#yourname").val());

                    var returnval = false;
                    var isvalidName = false;
                    var isvalidEmail = false;
                    var is_agreed = false;
                    if (jQuery('#yourname').length > 0) {

                            var yourname = jQuery.trim(jQuery("#yourname").val());
                            if (yourname != "" && yourname != null && yourname.toLowerCase() != 'Name'.toLowerCase()) {

                                    var element = jQuery("#yourname").next().next();
                                    isvalidName = true;
                                    jQuery(element).html('');
                            } else {
                                    var element = jQuery("#yourname").next().next();
                                    jQuery(element).html('<div class="image_error">This field is required.</div>');
                                    // emailAdd=false;

                            }

                    } else {

                            isvalidName = true;

                    }

                    if (emailAdd != "") {


                            var element = jQuery("#youremail").next().next();
                            if (emailAdd.toLowerCase() == 'Email'.toLowerCase()) {

                                    jQuery(element).html('<div  class="image_error">This field is required.</div>');
                                    isvalidEmail = false;
                            } else {

                                    var JsRegExPatern = /^\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*$/

                                    if (JsRegExPatern.test(emailAdd)) {

                                            isvalidEmail = true;
                                            jQuery(element).html('');

                                    } else {

                                            var element = jQuery("#youremail").next().next();
                                            jQuery(element).html('<div class="image_error">Please enter valid email address.</div>');
                                            isvalidEmail = false;

                                    }

                            }

                    } else {

                            var element = jQuery("#yourname").next().next();
                            jQuery(element).html('<div class="image_error">This field is required.</div>');
                            isvalidEmail = false;

                    }

                    if (jQuery('#chkagreeornot').length > 0) {

                            if (jQuery("#chkagreeornot").is(':checked')) {

                                    var element = jQuery("#chkagreeornot").next().next();
                                    jQuery(element).html('');
                                    is_agreed = true;
                            } else {


                                    var element = jQuery("#chkagreeornot").next().next();
                                    jQuery(element).html('<div class="image_error">Please read and agree to our terms &amp; conditions.</div>');
                                    is_agreed = false;

                            }
                    } else {

                            is_agreed = true;
                    }


                    if (isvalidName == true && isvalidEmail == true && is_agreed == true) {

                            jQuery(".AjaxLoader").show();
                            jQuery('#mysuccess_msg').html('');
                            jQuery('#mysuccess_msg').hide();
                            jQuery('#myerror_msg').html('');
                            jQuery('#myerror_msg').hide();

                            var name = "";
                            if (jQuery('#yourname').length > 0) {

                                    name = jQuery("#yourname").val();
                            }
                            var nonce = 'a4a3fc4183';
                            var url = 'https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/';
                            var email = jQuery("#youremail").val();
                            var str = "action=store_email&email=" + email + '&name=' + name + '&is_agreed=' + is_agreed + '&sec_string=' + nonce;
                            jQuery.ajax({
                                    type: "POST",
                                    url: 'https://lipr.org.uk/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php',
                                    data: str,
                                    async: true,
                                    success: function (msg) {
                                            if (msg != '') {

                                                    var result = msg.split("|");
                                                    if (result[0] == 'success') {

                                                            jQuery(".AjaxLoader").hide();
                                                            jQuery('#mysuccess_msg').html(result[1]);
                                                            jQuery('#mysuccess_msg').show();

                                                            setTimeout(function () {

                                                                    jQuery.fancybox_ns.close();



                                                            }, 2000);

                                                    } else {
                                                            jQuery(".AjaxLoader").hide();
                                                            jQuery('#myerror_msg').html(result[1]);
                                                            jQuery('#myerror_msg').show();
                                                    }

                                            }

                                    }
                            });

                    }





            }


        
       var interval_66de085f7a36d = setInterval(function() {

       if(document.readyState === 'complete') {

           clearInterval(interval_66de085f7a36d);
           /* if ( jQuery.browser.msie && jQuery.browser.version >= 9 )
              {
                  jQuery.support.noCloneEvent = true
              }*/

            var htmlpopup = jQuery("#formFormEmail").html();
            jQuery("#formFormEmail").remove();

            jQuery('body').on('click', '.shownewsletterbox', function () {

                    jQuery.fancybox_ns({

                            'overlayColor': '#000000',
                            'hideOnOverlayClick': false,
                            'padding': 10,
                            'autoScale': true,
                            'showCloseButton': true,
                            'content': htmlpopup,
                            'transitionIn': 'fade',
                            'transitionOut': 'elastic',
                            'width': 560,
                            'height': 360
                    });

            });

            

        }    
       }, 100);


    </script>

    <style>
    .shownewsletterbox {
	padding: 6px 11px;
	background: #1da1f2;
	color: #fff;
	border-radius: 4px;
}

.shownewsletterbox:hover{
  color:  #1da1f2;
background: #fff;
}    </style>

    

<script type="application/ld+json" class="saswp-schema-markup-output">
[{
    "@context": "https://schema.org/",
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home 1",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/business-home/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home 2",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/home-2/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home 3",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/home-3/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home 4",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/home-4/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home 5",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/home-5/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Home 6",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/home-6/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Simple",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Simple",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Simple",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Hipster",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Hipster",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Hipster",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Video",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Video",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Video",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Tech",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Tech",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Tech",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Food",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Food",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Food",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Features",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Features",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Features",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Slider Examples",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Slider Examples",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Slider Examples",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Slider 1",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/post-slider-1/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Slider 2 Type 1",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/post-slider-2-type-1/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Slider 2 Type 2",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/post-slider-2/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Slider 3 Type 1",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/post-slider-3/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Slider 3 Type 2",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/post-slider-3-type-2/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layouts",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layouts",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layouts",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layout 1",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/layout-1/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layout 2",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/layout-2/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layout 3",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/333-2/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layout 4",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/layout-4/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layout 5",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/layout-5/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Layout 6",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/layout-6/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Blocks",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Blocks",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Blocks",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 1",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-1/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 2",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-2/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 3",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-3/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 4",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-4/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 5",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-5/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 6",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-6/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Block 7",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/block-7/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Templates",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Templates",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Templates",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "View All Posts",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/view-all-posts/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Standard Blog Whole Post",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/standard-blog-whole-post/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "First Post Full Content",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/first-post-full-content/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "One Big, Two Small",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/one-big-two-small/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Featured With Rest Small",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/featured-with-rest-small/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "News &#038; Articles",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/news-articles/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Types",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Types",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Post Types",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Pages",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Pages",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Pages",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Contact Us",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/contact-us/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Typography",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/typography/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Pagination Examples",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/pagination-examples/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Shop",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/shop/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Shop With Sidebar",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/shop-with-sidebar/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Shop 2 Columns Sidebar",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/shop-2-columns-sidebar/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Shop 3 Columns",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/shop-3-columns/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Shop 4 Columns Slider",
            "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/shop-4-columns-slider/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Forum",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Forum",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "Forum",
            "url": "#"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "All Forums",
            "url": "http://newshub.mikado-themes.com/newshub1/forums/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "All Forums",
            "url": "http://newshub.mikado-themes.com/newshub1/forums/"
        },
        {
            "@context": "https://schema.org/",
            "@type": "SiteNavigationElement",
            "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/#Main Menu",
            "name": "All Forums",
            "url": "http://newshub.mikado-themes.com/newshub1/forums/"
        }
    ]
},

{
    "@context": "https://schema.org/",
    "@type": "WebSite",
    "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk#website",
    "headline": "London Institute of Peace Research",
    "name": "London Institute of Peace Research",
    "description": "A voice for peace &amp; justice",
    "url": "https://lipr.org.uk",
    "potentialAction": {
        "@type": "SearchAction",
        "target": "https://lipr.org.uk/?s={search_term_string}",
        "query-input": "required name=search_term_string"
    }
},

{
    "@context": "https://schema.org/",
    "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
    "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/#breadcrumb",
    "itemListElement": [
        {
            "@type": "ListItem",
            "position": 1,
            "item": {
                "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk",
                "name": "London Institute of Peace Research"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "ListItem",
            "position": 2,
            "item": {
                "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/category/latest-news/",
                "name": "Latest News"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "ListItem",
            "position": 3,
            "item": {
                "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk/renowned-sikh-businessman-charged-with-bribing-caribbean-minister/",
                "name": "Renowned Sikh businessman charged with bribing Caribbean minister"
            }
        }
    ]
},

{
    "@context": "https://schema.org/",
    "@type": "NGO",
    "@id": "https://lipr.org.uk#Organization",
    "name": "London Institute of Peace Research",
    "url": "https://lipr.org.uk",
    "sameAs": [],
    "legalName": "London Institute of Peace Research",
    "logo": {
        "@type": "ImageObject",
        "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Lipr-logo-png.png",
        "width": "1200",
        "height": "148"
    },
    "contactPoint": {
        "@type": "ContactPoint",
        "contactType": "customer support",
        "telephone": "",
        "url": "https://lipr.org.uk/contact-us/"
    }
}]
</script>

		<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit -->
		<noscript>
			<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NB6RFMB" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe>
		</noscript>
		<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit -->
		<link rel='stylesheet' id='sgr_hide-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/simple-google-recaptcha/sgr_hide.css?ver=1665841884' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-email-subscription-popup-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/css/wp-email-subscription-popup.css?ver=1.2.11' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='subscribe-popup-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/css/subscribe-popup.css?ver=1.2.11' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='rs-plugin-settings-css' href='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/css/rs6.css?ver=6.6.7' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='rs-plugin-settings-inline-css' type='text/css'>
#rs-demo-id {}
</style>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/embed-any-document/js/pdfobject.min.js?ver=2.7.1' id='awsm-ead-pdf-object-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='awsm-ead-public-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var eadPublic = [];
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/embed-any-document/js/embed-public.min.js?ver=2.7.1' id='awsm-ead-public-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=5.7.3' id='swv-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='contact-form-7-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var wpcf7 = {"api":{"root":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk\/wp-json\/","namespace":"contact-form-7\/v1"}};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=5.7.3' id='contact-form-7-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='email-subscribers-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var es_data = {"messages":{"es_empty_email_notice":"Please enter email address","es_rate_limit_notice":"You need to wait for some time before subscribing again","es_single_optin_success_message":"Successfully Subscribed.","es_email_exists_notice":"Email Address already exists!","es_unexpected_error_notice":"Oops.. Unexpected error occurred.","es_invalid_email_notice":"Invalid email address","es_try_later_notice":"Please try after some time"},"es_ajax_url":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribers/lite/public/js/email-subscribers-public.js?ver=5.5.7' id='email-subscribers-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/rbtools.min.js?ver=6.6.7' defer async id='tp-tools-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/rs6.min.js?ver=6.6.7' defer async id='revmin-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/social-polls-by-opinionstage/public/js/shortcodes.js?ver=19.8.15' id='opinionstage-shortcodes-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.2' id='jquery-ui-core-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js?ver=1.13.2' id='jquery-ui-tabs-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='mediaelement-core-js-before'>
var mejsL10n = {"language":"en","strings":{"mejs.download-file":"Download File","mejs.install-flash":"You are using a browser that does not have Flash player enabled or installed. Please turn on your Flash player plugin or download the latest version from https:\/\/get.adobe.com\/flashplayer\/","mejs.fullscreen":"Fullscreen","mejs.play":"Play","mejs.pause":"Pause","mejs.time-slider":"Time Slider","mejs.time-help-text":"Use Left\/Right Arrow keys to advance one second, Up\/Down arrows to advance ten seconds.","mejs.live-broadcast":"Live Broadcast","mejs.volume-help-text":"Use Up\/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume.","mejs.unmute":"Unmute","mejs.mute":"Mute","mejs.volume-slider":"Volume Slider","mejs.video-player":"Video Player","mejs.audio-player":"Audio Player","mejs.captions-subtitles":"Captions\/Subtitles","mejs.captions-chapters":"Chapters","mejs.none":"None","mejs.afrikaans":"Afrikaans","mejs.albanian":"Albanian","mejs.arabic":"Arabic","mejs.belarusian":"Belarusian","mejs.bulgarian":"Bulgarian","mejs.catalan":"Catalan","mejs.chinese":"Chinese","mejs.chinese-simplified":"Chinese (Simplified)","mejs.chinese-traditional":"Chinese (Traditional)","mejs.croatian":"Croatian","mejs.czech":"Czech","mejs.danish":"Danish","mejs.dutch":"Dutch","mejs.english":"English","mejs.estonian":"Estonian","mejs.filipino":"Filipino","mejs.finnish":"Finnish","mejs.french":"French","mejs.galician":"Galician","mejs.german":"German","mejs.greek":"Greek","mejs.haitian-creole":"Haitian Creole","mejs.hebrew":"Hebrew","mejs.hindi":"Hindi","mejs.hungarian":"Hungarian","mejs.icelandic":"Icelandic","mejs.indonesian":"Indonesian","mejs.irish":"Irish","mejs.italian":"Italian","mejs.japanese":"Japanese","mejs.korean":"Korean","mejs.latvian":"Latvian","mejs.lithuanian":"Lithuanian","mejs.macedonian":"Macedonian","mejs.malay":"Malay","mejs.maltese":"Maltese","mejs.norwegian":"Norwegian","mejs.persian":"Persian","mejs.polish":"Polish","mejs.portuguese":"Portuguese","mejs.romanian":"Romanian","mejs.russian":"Russian","mejs.serbian":"Serbian","mejs.slovak":"Slovak","mejs.slovenian":"Slovenian","mejs.spanish":"Spanish","mejs.swahili":"Swahili","mejs.swedish":"Swedish","mejs.tagalog":"Tagalog","mejs.thai":"Thai","mejs.turkish":"Turkish","mejs.ukrainian":"Ukrainian","mejs.vietnamese":"Vietnamese","mejs.welsh":"Welsh","mejs.yiddish":"Yiddish"}};
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelement-and-player.min.js?ver=4.2.17' id='mediaelement-core-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelement-migrate.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='mediaelement-migrate-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='mediaelement-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var _wpmejsSettings = {"pluginPath":"\/wp-includes\/js\/mediaelement\/","classPrefix":"mejs-","stretching":"responsive"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='wp-mediaelement-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.appear.js?ver=6.1.4' id='appear-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/modernizr.custom.85257.js?ver=6.1.4' id='modernizr-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.plugin.js?ver=6.1.4' id='jquery-plugin-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/lib/flexslider/jquery.flexslider.min.js?ver=6.10.0' id='flexslider-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.waypoints.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='waypoints-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.waitforimages.js?ver=6.1.4' id='waitforimages-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.sticky-kit.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='sticky-kit-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/select2.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='select2-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/fluidvids.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='fluidvids-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.nicescroll.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='jquery.nicescroll-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/ScrollToPlugin.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='ScrollToPlugin-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/TweenLite.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='tweenLite-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.infinitescroll.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='jquery-infinitescroll-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/jquery.easing.1.3.js?ver=6.1.4' id='jquery-easing-1.3-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/parallax.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='parallax-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/slick.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='slick-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/lib/bower/isotope/dist/isotope.pkgd.min.js?ver=6.10.0' id='isotope-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules/plugins/packery-mode.pkgd.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='packery-mode-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/lib/prettyphoto/js/jquery.prettyPhoto.min.js?ver=6.10.0' id='prettyphoto-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='newshub-mikado-modules-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mkdGlobalVars = {"vars":{"mkdAddForAdminBar":0,"mkdElementAppearAmount":-50,"mkdFinishedMessage":"No more posts","mkdMessage":"Loading new posts...","mkdAjaxUrl":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","mkdTopBarHeight":42,"mkdStickyHeaderHeight":0,"mkdStickyHeaderTransparencyHeight":47,"mkdMobileHeaderHeight":100,"mkdStickyHeight":0,"mkdLogoAreaHeight":0,"mkdWidgetAreaHeight":100,"mkdMenuAreaHeight":47}};
var mkdPerPageVars = {"vars":{"mkdStickyScrollAmount":0,"mkdHeaderTransparencyHeight":0,"mkdHeaderHeight":189}};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/modules.js?ver=6.1.4' id='newshub-mikado-modules-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.1.4' id='comment-reply-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/js/dist/js_composer_front.min.js?ver=6.10.0' id='wpb_composer_front_js-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='newshub-mikado-like-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mkdLike = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/lipr.org.uk\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/themes/newshub/assets/js/like.js?ver=1.0' id='newshub-mikado-like-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en_GB&#038;render=6LfJ6mEdAAAAALJPdzf5oDdBKPbu_Cp4wDkySr21&#038;onload=sgr_3&#038;ver=1725827167' id='sgr_recaptcha-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/js/wp-email-subscription-popup-js.js?ver=1.2.11' id='wp-email-subscription-popup-js-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://lipr.org.uk/wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/js/subscribe-popup.js?ver=1.2.15' id='subscribe-popup-js'></script>
</body>
</html>